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  Cuban Culture at your Fingertips July 21, 2004 / Edition 12
 
 
:. Editorial  
     
  Cuban woman's love and beauty and the loyalty to her motherland have been recurring topics in diverse manifestations of Cuban culture. This time, SoyCubano is illustrating this link with a brief review on La Bayamesa song in the case of music; Lucia film in movie and plastic and Alicia Alonso in dance. A short paper on Daniel Chavarría`s literary work, the interesting exhibition ''Mirar los 60'' and the Compay Segundo`s homage come together to complete this proposal.
 
     
 :.   The Three Bayamesas
 
     
 

Bayamo, monument cityThere are three outstanding songs of special significance under the name of La Bayamesa in Cuban history and culture, all of them originally from Bayamo, cradle of Cuban nationality having enlightened traditions, where the first literary work of the country, ''Espejo de Paciencia'' by Silvestre de Balboa, saw the light in 1608, being also a flourishing city regarding to musical creation, spirit and independentist vocation.

'The ''first Bayamesa'' was born to soothe disagreements between lovers and was sung for the first time on March 27, 1851. Francisco Castillo Moreno, a Bayamo-born youngster had been quarreling with his lover Luz Vázquez and asked his friends José Fornaris and Carlos Manuel de Céspedes for help, (the latter was well-known afterwards as El Padre de la Patria) to compose a song capable to move and put an end to her annoyance. So, guitar in hands, being accompanied by a violinist, they sang that beautiful song and gave it the name of La Bayamesa.
It`s been said the song quickly gained everyone's acceptation going far beyond Bayamo`s boundaries, not only due to its lovely lyrics and its inspiring woman's beauty and patriotism, but also for the anti-colonialist charisma of its creators. Few years later, on October 10, 1868, under the same music, other verses appeared among the mambises making complete allusion to independence.

In the middle of the struggle against the Spanish colonialism the ''second Bayamesa'' saw the light, composed by Pedro Figueredo and conceived as a fighting hymn, also entitled ''La Bayamesa'', maybe making reference to the French Marsellesa. The song was sung by patriots from Carlos Manuel de Cespedes` troops on October 20, 1868 when they entered Bayamo city. In fact, this second Bayamesa was recognized as the Cubans` hymn along the Guerra de los Diez Años (Ten Years War), becoming the National Hymn.

By the XXth century, the Santiago-born luminary Sindo Garay, whose contributions to Cuban music are highly assessed, gave life to the ''third Bayamesa''. Sindo spent large seasons in Bayamo, from party to party, from serenade to serenade, that`s why, during a sunrise of 1918, he gave lyrics and music to his composition Mujer Bayamesa.

Troubadours from all times have always revived La Bayamesa, giving it timeless presence within the Cuban music.

 
 
 
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 :.  Otros temas
   
 

Lucia on Movies and Plastic

LucíaSelected among the ten best Iberoamerican films, the full-length movie Lucía gathers three love stories. The first one recreates the XIX century romanticism and the experience of a woman surrounded by war and betrayal; the second one, soaked with the 30th decade's enchant, features a girl who is wrestling between passion and death in a middle of a convulse political situation; in the last one, the 60s presents a young rural girl, upholding her rights in front of a jealous husband. Two memorable stories and an anthological comedy.

This important Cuban film was made on 1968 by Humberto Solás, who was also in charge of the script together with Julio G. Espinosa and Nelson Rodríguez. The Leo Brouwer`s music and the brilliant performances of Raquel Revuelta, Eslinda Núñez, Adela Legrá, Eduardo Moré, Ramón Brito and Adolfo Llauradó in the leading roles, transformed it in a milestone piece of Cuban cinematography.

LucíaTo embellish its presentations, the outstanding Cuban painter and designer Raúl Martínez, recreated the image of Lucía in a poster of exquisite quality. This Camagüey-born creator, who focused on abstraction around the 50s, started the figurative style after 1963, progressively removing the distictive features from his previous work, to totally achieve new pictures based on popular paintings.

He elaborates a new style from the union of his pictorial and graphic work: from the first picture (1965) until the cover of Cuba Magazine (1969), the Martí`s Heads give evidence of the artist`s development.

LucíaHis talent is also present in his designs on magazines and books, through his labor at the Cuban Institute of Book, creating its logo. He was hailed also for his posters for movies, from which the Cuban film Lucia is a good example of high artistic quality, fitness to the theme and good use of the poster`s technical possibilities as a wide communicative channel.

Another vision of Lucía was made by the young artist Rubén A. Iglesias (1970) in his poster devoted to this film. Graduated from San Alejandro Arts School, Iglesias has been working for diverse publishing houses, making also designs for magazines and other national and international mediums. His artwork has been exhibited at solo and group exhibitions in Cuba and abroad. He is member of Hermanos Saíz Association (AHS) and Union of Writers and Artists of Cuba (UNEAC).

 
 
 
 

Adios Muchachos.

Adiós MuchachosIn May, 2002, the Mystery Writers of America conferred to this small picaresque work of Daniel Chavarría, ''Adiós Muchachos'', the Edgar Allan Poe Prize in the category of Novel in Popular Editions.

After writing his first novel Joy, winner of the Cuban Capitán San Luis Prize for the best police novel from 70-80 decades, Chavarría jumpstarted a literary career that earned him recognition as one of the greatest Latin American narrators, attending events devoted to mystery novel such as Semana Negra de Gijón.

Author, in addition, of diverse literary and political issues and scripts for radio and TV, Daniel Chavarría is considered himself as pupil of that ''extraordinary fable narrator'' named Alejo Carpentier. Regarding to this, he expressed: ''I`m his pupil, he was master of the Spanish language in the last century, a person to whom I devoted El Ojo de Cibeles, my awarded novel in Mexico''.

 
 
 


 

Alicia in Multimedia

Alicia AlonsoFor the first time in multimedia, the life and work of Alicia Alonso, the Prima Ballerina Assoluta, creator of the prestigious Cuban School of Ballet. The dance lover will find in this work a peerless compiling of a chronology undertaking different stages of her career and numerous critics made by dance specialists from diverse parts of the world, plus multiple details of the more-than-fifty-years career of this exceptional dancer. It includes 28 videos of her best performances and choreographies.

Alicia AlonsoThe creative work of this diva has been also featured in video by Héctor Veitía, Marisol Trujillo and Víctor Casaus, in a 111-minutes material it presents an interesting and illustrative portray of one of the best dancers of all times. Interviews, masterful lectures, scenes of the most famous ballets and the peerless performances of Giselle and Carmen in three important documentaries; La Clase, Encuentro and Alicia.

In the first one of these documentaries, The Cuban Prima Ballerina Assoluta is giving a lesson to some pupils attending the National Festival of Dance and Ballet schools, celebrated in Santiago de Cuba in April, 1980; the second one is a reportage about her meeting with the Soviet dancer Vladimir Vasiliev and the last documentary features, through interviews, materials from archive and ballet fragments, diverse aspects of the Alicia Alonso`s artistic career and her labor at the National Ballet of Cuba.

 
 


 
   
 :.  Rápidas
   
 
El gran tesoro de la música cubana Available soon in our Cuban Music Shop, the collection ''El Gran Tesoro de la Música Cubana''. This collection contains 8 CDs with the best of the discographic patrimony produced in Cuba since 1944 until our days. It includes a monograph gathering antecedents, emergence and development of one of the major Cuban Discographic Houses:EGREM.


A group of outstanding artists, such as Compay Segundo Group, Teresa García Caturla, Omara Portuondo, Beatriz Márquez, César López, Coco Freman, Valody, the dancing couple Los Santos, Vania, Ballet from América Theater among others meet together at the Mella Theather to remember Compay Segundo in the first anniversary of his physical disappearance.

''Mirar los 60'' is a generic and comprising title, arousing all generations to enjoy an ample journey around the multiple cultural manifestations of a decade having singular impact on the XX century society. Expressions of music, plastic, cinematography, dance, literature and the TV and theater labor will have as main venue the National Fine Arts Museum of Cuba.
 
     
 
 
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